Ashoka Rock Edicts, Junagadh

Located at the foothills of Girnar Hill in Junagadh, Gujarat, the Ashoka Rock Edicts stand as one of the most significant archaeological and historical monuments in India. These inscriptions, carved onto a large granite boulder, date back to the 3rd century BCE during the reign of Emperor Ashoka, one of India’s greatest rulers. The edicts reflect Ashoka’s transformation from a fierce conqueror into a compassionate ruler who embraced Buddhism and spread the principles of dharma (righteousness), non-violence, and tolerance.

The inscriptions are written in the Brahmi script and Prakrit language, which were widely used during Ashoka’s time. They provide a fascinating glimpse into the governance, moral policies, and humanitarian outlook of the Mauryan Empire. What makes the Junagadh Rock Edicts particularly special is that they are among the 14 Major Rock Edicts of Ashoka, serving as an enduring message of peace and ethical governance.

In addition to Ashoka’s inscriptions, the rock also bears later records from other rulers, including Rudradaman I (around 150 CE) of the Western Kshatrapas, who issued the famous Junagadh Inscription, describing his repair work on the Sudarsana Lake. Another inscription by Skandagupta, a Gupta ruler from around 455 CE, also details similar restoration efforts. These layered inscriptions make the site a rare historical record of continuous governance and civic maintenance across centuries.

The Ashoka Rock Edicts site is maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and attracts historians, archaeologists, and travelers who wish to connect with India’s ancient legacy. The peaceful atmosphere, surrounded by the beauty of Girnar Hill, adds to its charm, making it a must-visit heritage attraction in Junagadh.

History of the Ashoka Rock Edicts

The Ashoka Rock Edicts were engraved during Emperor Ashoka’s reign (circa 273-232 BCE) after the Kalinga War, when he renounced violence and turned toward spiritual enlightenment. These edicts express his desire to promote moral conduct, kindness towards animals, and respect among all religions. The later inscriptions by Rudradaman I and Skandagupta highlight the continuity of governance and the shared legacy of maintaining public welfare projects like lakes and dams.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit the Ashoka Rock Edicts is from October to February, when the weather is cool and pleasant. Summers can be quite hot in Junagadh, so early mornings or late evenings are preferable if visiting during that period.

Entry Fee and Timings

• Entry Fee: Free (no ticket required)
• Timings: 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM (open all days)
• Visitors are advised to go early in the morning or late afternoon to enjoy the site comfortably and take clear photographs.

How to Reach

• By Road: Junagadh is well-connected by road from major Gujarat cities like Rajkot (100 km), Porbandar (110 km), and Ahmedabad (320 km).
• By Train: The nearest railway station is Junagadh Junction, located just 4 km from the site.
• By Air: The closest airport is Rajkot Airport (105 km), which connects to major Indian cities. From there, taxis and buses are available to Junagadh.

Nearby Attractions

• Uparkot Fort - An ancient fort offering panoramic views and historic caves. Read more..
• Girnar Hill - A major pilgrimage and trekking site with Jain temples. Read more..
• Mahabat Maqbara - Known for its Indo-Islamic-Gothic architecture. Read more..
• Sakkarbaug Zoo - One of the oldest zoological parks in India. Read more..
• Adi Kadi Vav & Navghan Kuvo - Two unique stepwells carved out of solid rock. Read more..